Inventor of television

You can see the inventor of electronic television on 13:00

Staffordshire hoard

(Working on article)

In the year 2009 on the field in Lichfield, Staffordshire, in England by using metal detector it is foound huge hoard from the time of Anglo-Saxon England, from period of years 600-650.

Hoard is constituted of different warrior golden and zircon objects, and also church objects. It is considered that this hoard is plunder od MErcian kingdom after battle and wictory of some Christian Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, probably East Anglia.

Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in Early Middle Ages. From north to south: Northambria (they especially suffered from Vikings beggining from 793., they are famous for archbishopric of Lindisfarn and saint Cuthbert), Mercia (it was long pagan kingdom, most famous for king Penda), East Anglia, Essex, Kent (from this place it beggan myssionary work from the end of 6th century from monk Augustine and his brothers), Sussex, Wessex (famous for it resistance to Viking raids and wictory over Vikings at the end of 9th century, most famous for king Alfred).

Other kingdoms are Celts, in the west ate Welsh (Celts), in the north are Scots, Picts kingdoms.

Objects are of gold, with very tinny incorporated red jewells called circon.

Article from Guardain on new research on hourd: https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/nov/01/staffordshire-hoard-archaeologists-academic-research-gold-ornaments

You can see objectsd here: https://www.staffordshirehoard.org.uk/explore-the-hoard  

Agincourt carol

After great battle between England and France on October 3.1415. Englishmens did invented (early 15th century) song in honour of wictory in the battle.

It is so called Aguincourt carol.

Agincourt carol in manuscript from 15th century

Some interesting images from manuscripts

De proprietatibus rerum, Bartolomeo Anglicus, 15.century

 Unknown nederlandish artist, 15. century, manuscript of work of Cicerone 

Flamish artist, Roman de la rose, year 1498.

 The life of the very noble Count Gerard de Rousillon, year 1488.

 Manuscript from 15. century

 Grand Armorial équestre de la Toison d

John of Ardern

John of Ardern in manuscript MS Hunter 112

John of Ardern (1307-1392) was English medieval doctor and surgeon. He is considered as one of originators of modern surgery. His different treatments are used evan today. 

John made treatment of rich and poor and he advised that rich be charged as much as possible and tratment of poor to be for free. For operations he advised that pation be put to sleep by using opium, so that patient "sleep so that can not feel any cutting". He devised doctor codex of behaving.

He studied medicine on medical faculty of University of Montpellier in France. It was the most famous medical faculty in Middle Ages in Europe. Before that the most famous was the medical faculty of Salerno, in Italy, but it brokedown in some 14th century and medical faculty of Montpellier became his succesor. 

John lived in Newark on Trent, Nottingham, and after that in London. He did service in Hundred Years War against France.

He wrote book Fistula in ano (as the other books). In this book he wrote about healing of fistula u rectum that form in knights after long sitting on horseback.

There is one interesting manuscript De arte Phisicali et de Cirurgica (Art of doctors and surgeons) from 1412. which  contains his treatments and systems of curing. In this manuscript, which is one scroll, there are few images of human anatomy which are very realistic.

Anatomy in manuscript. Who are not queasy can look by clicking on it. On purpose it is showed as display from left and right sides.

Some represantion from Byzantium

Great consul, year 518.

Emperor Constatine, mosaic from Temple of saint Sophia, 6th century

12th or 13th century (probably Thessaloniki)

Holy martyrs

Maximilian aromour

Maximilian armour is type of full plate armour (it means for the whole body) which appeared in 16th century in Germany. It is named of emperor of so called Holy Roman Empire (in essence German Empire) Maximilian I of Habsburg (1459-1518, emperor 1508-1519). It is characteristic by its folds on armour, raised shoulders and its weight (it is heavier then medieval gothic armour from 15th century).

Development of armour in 16th century, or so called Early Modern Age is practically countinuation of of development of European armour from Middle Ages (we can say that it is also form of continuation of in some sense medieval armory). This type of armour could not be appeared that  before armour of 16th century did not existed medieval types of armours, gothic and millanese (helm in this armour is especially result of development of itallian style armour from Middle Ages). Photos you can see here are representation of armour type that is called Maximillian armour.

Full plate armour (invented in second half of 14th century), it means full body plate armour and is made from shaped plates designed for particular parts of body appeare in whole history of the world only in western Europe. This types of armour can not be found in anywhere in the world, only western Europe in history, that it is made.

The most outspread system of armous in history are mostly lamellar armour, which are made by small joined plates. They appear in Byzantium, Mongoly, China, Japane and in other places.

Osmanlian Turks did used combination of mail (chained armour) and small plates, so that their armour did enabled them very good mobility (altough Europeans was not immobile in armour), also they did not used full helm.

Those stories from 19th century that they must be using windlass to mount on horse are not accurate. Knight, generally armoured European warrior was considerably mobile in armour, but this type of armour did hardened movement (but not in a way that they used windlass to mount on horsback).